THE 3 PRINCIPLES OF HAPKIDO
Yu (유, 流) - Fluidity
Represents the ability to overcome obstacles with flexibility and adaptability. In Korean culture, water symbolizes the virtue of adjusting to circumstances. It does not resist obstacles; it flows around or through them, maintaining its essence. Its strength lies in the absence of rigidity: by taking the shape of the container that holds it or slipping through fingers, water demonstrates power and persistence. The philosophy "soft water wears down hard stone through constant dripping" reflects its relentless and adaptable nature. In Hapkido, this principle guides both physical combat and mental attitude. Just as water adapts without losing its essence, the practitioner must act with flexibility when facing challenges, shaping themselves to situations and overcoming them with resilience and fluidity.
Won (원, 圓) - Circularity
In Hapkido, circularity is fundamental. The centripetal and centrifugal forces of circular movements are utilized to create effective self-defense techniques. By employing circular motions, the practitioner can redirect the opponent's force against them, allowing offensive and defensive actions to occur simultaneously. The stronger the attacker's force, the more powerful the defense or counterattack becomes. The circle symbolizes the universe and its boundless energy. In Hapkido, it represents a profound understanding of the art, encompassing not only linear attacks but also circular and defensive movements. The circle reminds us that there are no limits to our practice. Only through continuous training and patience can we progress, overcome obstacles, and refine our skills.
Hwa (화, 和) - Harmony
In Hapkido, harmony is the essence of training. The principle of non-resistance teaches practitioners to sense, absorb, and transform the opponent’s force rather than confronting it directly. The practice requires the simultaneous integration of mind, body, and spirit, with harmony as its central element. Achieving inner harmony is the first step. Breathing plays a crucial role in this process, helping practitioners balance their emotions and attain clarity. Once harmonized with oneself, it becomes possible to align with the environment, the opponent, and the technique. The ultimate goal is to merge the harmony developed internally with the situation and the opponent, creating a connection that transcends physical confrontation. The practitioner must strive for emotional mastery, discipline in the face of challenges, and the integration of ideas in difficult moments. Becoming one with the universe is the ultimate purpose of this journey.